In the absence of a submission from the holder of the marketing authorisation, luspatercept (Reblozyl®) cannot be endorsed for use within NHS Wales for treatment of adult patients with transfusion-dependent anaemia due to very low, low and intermediate-risk myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) with ring sideroblasts, who had an unsatisfactory response to or are ineligible for erythropoietin-based therapy and for the treatment of adult patients with transfusion-dependent anaemia associated with beta-thalassaemia.